You are confusing the “visa” with the “stamped visa”
The visa allows you to enter the USA one time only and upon entry be granted LPR status. Entry must be before the expiry of the visa .. 15 Dec 2022 After entering, the visa is now finished as a visa document
At entry, the CBP officer will place a stamp on or adjacent to the visa which shows the date you entered the US using the visa and became an LPR on entry You only state “recently” so l will just pick a date .. Dec 1 2022. For 12 months after entry on Dec 1 2022, the “stamped visa” can be used as evidence of your LPR status, while you wait for the physical Green Card to be sent to you
You have everything you need to travel overseas and return yo the US.. your foreign passport and its enclosed “stamped visa”.