Most around here would strongly recommend the CR-1 over the K-1, for many reasons. @Crazy Cat has a great comparison list.
I don't think your age difference will be an issue at all, and since same-sex marriage is (still) legal in all 50 states, there is absolutely no issue there either.
So will you return to the US after starting your job? As in next month? By the time your partner gets an interview, you will have been working for awhile, with ample payslips to show current income.
DCF (direct consular processing) may also be an option since you have a job offer. You would need to get married asap, and then get permission from the consulate to do that process. I don't recall seeing many doing DCF through Manila, perhaps @pushbrk has insights.