The government should come up with a website of which NIV recipients HAVE to require 2 guarantors in the US that guarantees that they will not (1) abuse their NIVs (2) leave at the end of their stay period. These guarantors have to be USC or GC holders ONLY.
Now, as a guarantor, before signing, you have to know the ramifications. If you're a GC holder and sign for someone, your GC life is on trial, and any future benefits such as ROC or N400 can be blocked/ denied because your folks abused their chances (IOs at field offices are able to see if the person you guaranteed left/ abused their NIV). If a USC, a fine of up to $30K.
The idea for guarantors will help the government as it'll make sure that these individuals leave and if they fail to leave, their guarantors report so that they're deported and as such, don't have negative effects on guarantors. Individuals leaving on timely manner so as not to affect guarantors life in US will help curb down overstays for NIVs.
So, this is how it works eg B-2.
You already have a visa. You then go on this government website (cannot be done 48 hours within flight. HAS to be done between 96-48 hours before flight to US) and only fill EXACT name and email address for a guarantor. The guarantor (USC/ GC) gets notified, and they click the link. The link opens and has disclaimers that I just mentioned above i.e you guarantee that the person won't violate NIV. At this point, you have your FIRST opinion to decline or accept. You decline, that's it, BUT asks for a reason why. You put your reason and decline. You accept, it proceeds to below.
In the link, guarantors only put their SSN and all their other information is prefilled. You update other stuff eg marital status, address etc, basically things that may have changed. At this point, this is your LAST chance to decline. There's a decline button and proceed button. You decline, put a reason, end it. You proceed, you move to the next step.
In this step, the form gets submitted and a PDF is available for you to download and print or emailed for the same reason. We're going to a notary next.
So, you take the PDF, which has your scannable barcode as well as the confirmation number to a notary. The notary will take a picture of: (1) your face (2) proof of eligibility for guarantor - GC, PP Bio Page, USC BC (3) Address - DL/ ID (4) Signed and notarized PDF...To note, steps 1-4 above by the notary can only be done in real time i.e you cannot upload pre-taken pictures. So, how will the notary do it? They scan your barcode on the PDF that you brought and it opens up on their phone. They have 4 places to fill. They click the first, their camera is enabled and they take your face picture. It gets uploaded and gets a green . Notary then clicks second place and camera opens again and takes picture of say, your DL and uploads. Repeats the process till their 4 steps are done then they click SUBMIT on their end.
Why real time upload? To avoid fraud where someone will steal their relatives information and pay a scrupulous notary to upload.
I think this process will help curb down overtays on B-2, student visa etc. But more so B-2 & those that come and marry as soon as they pass the back of CBP.
As a guarantor you have to know violation of NIV eg AOS because someone met someone and fell in love right away and knew they couldn't live apart etc shenanigans. Yes marry, but go home.
So, no guarantors, no entry. And for each entry, you have to fill that guarantor form aagain. So, yes, obtaining a B-2 at embassy is the first step BUT getting a guarantor prior to flight is the second step.
I think when the government does this, those relatives encouraging people to come and overstay will stop. As also those relatives that harbor or provide roof to overstays.