US Immigration from Dominican Republic

Can anyone tell me the basis of 221g denial? And what are the next steps?

Hello

My husband and I are filing for the adjustment of status. One of the questions on the i485 form asks if he has ever applied for an immigrant visa to obtain permanent resident status at a us embassy or us consulate abroad. His grandparents had petitioned his father on i130 and his father included him in the petition as well but it was never approved or denied as he was approved on the k1 visa before a decision was made. does he have to choose yes for this option?

What does an approval letter/packet look like?

The embassy wants us to pick up our passports and receive a letter. Is this an approval? Denial? Has anyone been approved or denied like this?

I am asking this question for a friend.

Person that overstayed their visitor visa got married with cuban LPR girlfriend. Has a I-130 pending since April 2019. Person did not file the I-485 packet together with the I-130. Will they be able to submit now even though their I-130 is still pending?

I also have heard about filing the I-485 under the Cuban Adjustment Act but I am not sure how that works. If anyone here has any experience or has someone they know that have gone through this, please let me know your feedback. Thank you in advance.